Most popular quantity. Actos (Pioglitazone) is a prescription drug of the class thiazolidinedione with hypoglycemic (antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic) action. Actos (Pioglitazone) is marketed as trademarks Actos in the USA and Glustin in Europe by the pharmaceutical company Takeda.
Actos (Pioglitazone) selectively stimulates nuclear receptor peroxisone proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR?). It modulates the transcription of the insulin-sensitive genes involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism in the lipidic, muscular tissues and in the liver. As a result, Actos (Pioglitazone) reduces insulin resistance in the liver and peripheral tissues; increases the expense of insulin-dependent glucose; decreases withdrawal of glucose from the liver; reduces quantity of glucose, insulin and glycated haemoglobin in the bloodstream. Although not clinically significant, Actos (Pioglitazone) decreases the level of triglycerides and increases that of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) without changing low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and total cholesterol in patients with disorders of the lipid metabolism, although statins are the drug of choice for this.
More recently, Actos (Pioglitazone) and other active TZDs have been shown to bind to the outer mitochondrial membrane protein mitoNEET with affinity comparable to that of Actos (Pioglitazone) for PPAR?.
A press release by GlaxoSmithKline in February 2007 noted that there is a greater incidence of fractures of the upper arms, hands and feet in female diabetics given rosiglitazone compared with those given metformin or glyburide. The information was based on data from the ADOPT trial. Following release of this statement, Takeda also admitted that Actos (Pioglitazone) has similar implications for female patients.
The risk of hypoglycemia is low in the absence of other drugs that lower blood glucose.
Like other thiazolidinediones, Actos (Pioglitazone) can cause fluid retention and peripheral edema. As a result, it may precipitate congestive heart failure (which worsens with fluid overload in those at risk). It may cause anemia. Mild weight gain is common due to increase in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In studies, patients on Actos (Pioglitazone) had a slightly increased proportion of upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, headache, myalgia and tooth problems. On July 30, 2007 an Advisory Committee of the Food and Drug Administration concluded that the use of rosiglitazone for the treatment of type 2 diabetes was associated with a greater risk of "myocardial ischemic events". The FDA Advisory Committee are currently reviewing rosiglitazone data following an initial rejection of submitted data. Actos (Pioglitazone) was not reviewed. A meta-analysis released subsequently showed that Actos (Pioglitazone) reduced the number of ischemic cardiac events rather than increase the risk. What is the shelf life of the pills?
- The expiry date is mentioned on each blister. It is different for different batches. The shelf life is 2 years from the date of manufacture and would differ from batch to batch depending on when they were manufactured.
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